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A Celebration of Public Education  (continued)

Endnotes
    1 Doerr, Edd, and Menendez, Albert J., Church, Schools & Public Money: The Politics of Parochiaid (Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1991), p. 49.
    2 Menendez, Albert J., "Voter Versus Vouchers: An Analysis of Referendum Data," Phi Delta Kappan, Vol. 81, No.1 (September 1999), p. 4.
    3 Berliner, David C. and Biddle, Bruce J., The Manufactured Crisis: Myths, Fraud, and the Attack on America's Public Schools (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1995), p. 40.
    4 Ibid, p. 93.
    5 U.S. Census: "Series A 91-104, Population by Sex and Race: 1870-1970," Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1970 (Washington, DC: United States Deptartment of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 1975), p. 14.
    6 Bracey, Gerald W., Setting The Record Straight: Responses to Misconceptions About Public Education in the United States (Alexandria, VA: Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1997), pp. 70-71.
    7 Schmitt, Eric, "Census Data Shows a Sharp Increase in Living Standard," The New York Times, 6 August 2001, p. A1.
    8 Rothstein, Richard, The Way We Were?: The Myths and Realities of American Student Achievement (New York: Century Foundation Press, 1998), p. 30.
    9 Ibid, p. 79.
   10 Bracey, Gerald W., Setting The Record Straight: Responses to Misconceptions About Public Education in the United States, (Alexandria, VA: Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1997), p. 117.
    11 Pennsylvania Department of Education, "Public Secondary School Dropouts: 1998-99 by School." See www.pde.psu.edu/statistics/dropout/droplist9899.html.
   12 Light, Paul C., "Government's Greatest Achievements of the Past Half Century," Reform Watch Brief #2, Brookings Institution, Washington, DC (November 2000). See www.brookings.edu/comm/reformwatch/rw02/rw2.html.
   13 Ravitch, Diane, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms (New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2000), p. 455.
   14 Motko, David, Letter to editor, Sullivan Review, Dushore, PA, 3 November 1994.
   15 The College Entrance Exams Board, Mean SAT/SAT I Scores for College-Bound Seniors, 1972-2000, http://www.collegeboard.org/sat/cbsenior/yr2000/nat/72-00.html
   16 Gonzalez, Jeffrey, Presentation to the Towanda School District's Strategic Planning Committee, 1995.
   17 Center for Education Statistics: National Assessment of Educational Progress Data Bank.
   18 Moeller, Clark, et al, Evaluation of David Motko's Writings, Bradford County Alliance for Democracy, Burlington, PA, 18814, pages 9-11, 22-24
   19 Berliner, David C. and Biddle, Bruce J., The Manufactured Crisis: Myths, Fraud, and the Attack on America's Public Schools (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1995), pp. 67-68.
   20 Wilgoren, Jodi, "Education Study Finds U.S. Falling Short," The New York Times, 13 June 2001, p. A26. Wilgoren's article reports on a study released June 2001 by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France. Ms. Wilgoren comments further, "Teachers in the United States earn less relative to national income than their counterparts in many industrialized countries, yet they spend far more hours in front of the classroom. ... The salaries differential are part of a pattern of relatively low public investment in education in the United States compared with other member nations. ... The whole economy [in the United States] has grown faster than the educational system."
   21 Conversation with Melle Ratineud, father of the Gonzalez family's exchange student Annis Ratineud.
   22 Livingstone, David W., Class, Ideologies, and Educational Future (London: Falmer Press, 1983) cited in Berliner, David C. and Bruce J. Biddle, The Manufactured Crisis: Myths, Fraud, and the Attack on America's Public Schools (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1995), p. 270.
   23 Menendez, Albert J., "Voters Versus Vouchers: An Analysis of Referendum Data," Phi Delta Kappan, Vol. 81, No.1 (September 1999), p. 1.
   24 Bast, Joseph L., and Harmer, David, "The Libertarian Case for Vouchers and Some Observations on the Anti-Voucher Separationists," (Washington, DC: The Cato Institute, 1997) See www.cato.org/pubs/pa-269.html.
   25 This is exactly what happened in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. "The projected cost for the Milwaukee program is $38.9 million in1999-2000 alone. By the end of the 1999-2000 school year, the voucher program will have spent almost $100 million in taxpayer funds for private school tuition,[see #1 following]. Half these costs are subtracted from state equalization aid to the Milwaukee Public Schools (MPS), and the other half is taken away from the aid for the other 425 school districts. If MPS and other districts want to recover the lost revenue, they must raise local property taxes, [see #2 following]. In 1998, when the full voucher costs were substracted from MPS's budget, one report estimates that MPS lost $22 million due to vouchers," [see #3 following]. Sources cited in "The Facts About Vouchers," People For the American Way, Washington, DC: #1. " Evaluation: Milwaukee Parental Choice Program," Wisconsin Legislative Audit Bureau, February 2000, p. 21; #2. Ibid, pp. 21, 24; and #3. "Tax Funding for Private School Alternatives: The Financial Impact on Milwaukee Public Schools and Taxpayers," Institute for Wisconsin's Future, October 1998, pp. 5-7.
   26 Lynn, Barry W., "The Poisoned Chalice," Liberty, Hagerstown, MD (September-October 2000).
   27 Bast, Joseph L. and Harmer, David, The Libertarian Case for Vouchers and Some Observations on the Anti-Voucher Separationists, (Washington, DC: The Cato Institute, 1997). See www.cato.org/pubs/pa-269.html.
   28 Ibid. See www.cato.org/pubs/pa-269.html.
   29 Doerr, Edd and Menendez, Albert J., Church, Schools & Public Money: The Politics of Parochiaid (Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1991), pp. 50-51.
   30 Broken Promises II: The Texas Charter School System at Five Years (Austin, TX: Texas Freedom Network Education Fund, May 2001), p. 6.
   31 Whitt, Jessica, Broken Promises: Charter Schools in Texas (Austin, TX: Texas Freedom Network Education Fund, 2000), pp. 3 and 6.
   32 Editorial, "Charter School Accountability," New York Times, 28 December 2000.
   33 Associated Press, "Audit: Charter Schools Not Following Laws," The Daily Review, 2 February 2001, p. 3.
   34 Pennsylvania Department of Education, "Public Secondary School Dropouts: 1998-99 by School." See www.pde.psu.edu/statistics/dropout/droplist9899.html.
   35 Doerr, Edd, and Menendez, Albert J., Church, Schools & Public Money: The Politics of Parochiaid (Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1991), pp. 50-51.
   36 For example, the Archdiocese of New York, "has closed some 50 elementary and high schools in the last 15 years," according to Chris Hedges in "Longing for the Past in a Changing Church," New York Times, 23 February 2001. In February 2001 in Ulster County, New York, Archbishop Edward M. Eagan announced his "decision to close a financially failing high school with a dwindling student population." The school had "been kept alive by subsidies from the archdiocese totaling $2.5 million since 1996." The student population had declined from 590 in 1974 to 188 in 2001. Source: David M. Herszenhorn, "First Cutback by Archbishop: High School in Ulster County," New York Times, 8 February 2001, p. B1.
   37 "The vocational crisis has killed us as far as priests, nuns, and brothers in the schools," reported Msgr. Thomas J. Bergin, the vicar of education for the Archdiocese of New York. He continued, "In many schools, there may be only one nun who is the principal and maybe another elderly nun who helps out in the library. Each year four of five of these sister principals retire. The convents are nearly empty." Chris Hedges, "Longing for the Past in a Changing Church," New York Times, 23 February 2001.
   38 Falwell, Jerry, America Can be Saved (Murfreesboro, TN: Sword of the Lord Publishers, 1979), pp. 52-53.
   39 Gallup International Institute for the American Jewish Committee, The Humanist (May 7, 1997) p. 30.
   40 Finke, Roger and Stark, Rodney, The Churching of America 1776-1990: Winners and Losers in Our Religious Economy,(New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press, 1992), p. 25; Wuthnow, Robert, Editor, The Encyclopedia of Politics and Religion(Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, Inc. 1998), p.622; "Typical: The likes and dislikes of Today's Everyfamily," The New York Times Magazine, 1 November 1998.
   41 Moeller, Clark, It's a Matter of Values (Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania Alliance for Democracy, 2000), pp. 31-33.
   42 The Last Resort, Newsletter of the Committee to End Violence Against The Next Generation, Vol 16, No. 4, Summer 1988, p.1 and also see www.stophitting.com/NCACPS/index.html.
   43 Moeller, Clark, "Corporal Punishment," Pennsylvania Alliance for Democracy: see www.padnet.org. Also see www.stophitting.com/NCACPS/index.html.
   44 United States Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, 1998 Elementary and Secondary School Civil Rights Compliance Report. State and national totals are statistical projections made by the U.S. Department of Education. Compiled by the National Coalition to Abolish Corporal Punishment in Schools, Columbus, Ohio, 614-221-8829.
   45 Do You Know The Good New About American Education?, Center on Education Policy and American Youth Policy, 1998, p. 24. Also see www.ed.gov/pubs/AnnschoolRept98/natper.html.
   46 Bracey, Gerald W., Setting The Record Straight: Responses to Misconceptions About Public Education in the United States (Alexandria, VA: Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1997), p. 44.
   47 Rothstein, Richard, The Way We Were?: The Myths and Realities of American Student Achievement (New York, NY: A Century Foundation Press, 1998), p. 40, cites Terrel Bell, "Reflection One Decade After A Nation at Risk," Phi Delta Kappan, (April 1993), pp. 592-97.
   48 Putnam, Robert, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2000), p. 45.
   49 Ibid, p. 42.
   50 Ibid, p. 438.
   51 Ibid, pp. 54-56.
   52 Ibid, p. 301.
   53 Ibid, p. 299.
   54 Ibid, p. 300.
   55 Ibid, p. 302.
   56 Ibid, p. 300.
   57 Potts, Tim, Executive Director, Pennsylvania School Reform Network, Harrisburg, PA, August 13, 2001.



  

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